General Information
Abstract: An extensive heap leach field test was conducted during the 1993-1994 winter season at Carmacks, Yukon Territory. The test itself utilized an approximately 5-m-diameter crib loaded with composite ore from the northern (higher grade) end of the Williams Creek deposit. The ore was stacked to a total height of 7 m, including one meter of ore atop the emitter system. This matched the commercial heap height planned for Williams Creek at the time the test was started. By insulating the side walls of the crib, lateral heat flux was minimized. Thus, the crib replicated an interior segment of the commercial heap.
Leaching was done at a flow rate that matched those commonly used in industry. Leachate temperature was about 21°C, a level achieved with no external heat input other than normal process heat transferred from electrowinning to the leachate via solvent extraction.
An analysis of the test results showed that the winter conditions at Carmacks were quite typical of those expected at the mine site. Conditions included ambient temperatures below -40°C and an average temperature of -13°C.
In terms of leachate flow to and from the crib, the test ran continuously from late September through mid-February. In spite of some flow system problems, leaching continued unabated. There was no freezing in the interior of the crib or in the solution reservoir at the bottom. Freezing was limited to the insulating ore over layer and a few isolated points high in the crib near the outer walls.
The test clearly demonstrates that year-round heap leaching of Williams Creek ore is practical. The heap appears to be adequately insulated by a 1 m ore layer on top of the emitter system. Normal process heat should be sufficient to maintain a leachate return temperature of approximately 20 degrees Celcius at the heap. However, provisions for some supplemental heating in the commercial operation may be desirable. This would permit recycle of the heated solution if electrowinning goes off-line or if there is a long run of exposed leachate pipeline back to the heaps.
Leaching was done at a flow rate that matched those commonly used in industry. Leachate temperature was about 21°C, a level achieved with no external heat input other than normal process heat transferred from electrowinning to the leachate via solvent extraction.
An analysis of the test results showed that the winter conditions at Carmacks were quite typical of those expected at the mine site. Conditions included ambient temperatures below -40°C and an average temperature of -13°C.
In terms of leachate flow to and from the crib, the test ran continuously from late September through mid-February. In spite of some flow system problems, leaching continued unabated. There was no freezing in the interior of the crib or in the solution reservoir at the bottom. Freezing was limited to the insulating ore over layer and a few isolated points high in the crib near the outer walls.
The test clearly demonstrates that year-round heap leaching of Williams Creek ore is practical. The heap appears to be adequately insulated by a 1 m ore layer on top of the emitter system. Normal process heat should be sufficient to maintain a leachate return temperature of approximately 20 degrees Celcius at the heap. However, provisions for some supplemental heating in the commercial operation may be desirable. This would permit recycle of the heated solution if electrowinning goes off-line or if there is a long run of exposed leachate pipeline back to the heaps.
Authors: Brown & Root Inc.
Map Scale: 1 : 0
NTS Mapsheet(s): 115I
Citation: Brown & Root Inc., 1996. Williams Creek Project, Thermal Leach Project Test Heap Leach Project at Carmacks, Yukon Territory. Indian & Northern Affairs Canada/Department of Indian & Northern Development: Exploration & Geological Services Division, Open File 1996-1(T).
Downloads
| Name | Comment | |
|---|---|---|
| Report | File is MB | Download PDF |
| Charts | File is MB | Download PDF |
Location Map
NTS Mapsheet(s): 115I
Related Occurrences
| Name | Number | Type | Status |
|---|
Related Compilations
| Compilation Name | Feature Type | Update Frequency |
|---|
Related Publications
| Number | Relationship | Authors | Title |
|---|
