General Information
Primary Commodities: tungsten, tungsten trioxide
Secondary Commodities: antimony, copper, gold
Deposit Type(s): Skarn W
Location(s): 61°51'35" N - -133°23'4" W
NTS Mapsheet(s): 105F14
Location Comments: .5 Kilometres
Hand Samples Available: Yes
Last Reviewed:
Capsule
Work History
Staked in Jun/68 by P. Risby as Cab cl 1-32 (Y25386), which were optioned by Atlas Explorations Limited and Mitsui Mining & Smelting Company Ltd and transferred to Atsui Mining Corporation Ltd. After Atsui mapped and sampled in 1968-70, in a joint venture with Dynasty Exploration Ltd, the property was transferred to a new company, Risby Tungsten Mining Ltd, and was optioned in Apr/70 by Caltor Syndicate (Rayrock Mining Limited, Ashland Canada Oil Ltd and Canadian Industrial Gas & Oil Company Ltd). Caltor drilled 8 holes (1,086 m) on the No. 2 zone during 1971 to earn a 55% interest in Risby Tungsten. Atlas changed its name to Cima Resources Limited in 1974 and Dynasty changed to Cyprus Anvil Mining Corporation in 1975. Cima performed linecutting in 1976 and trenching and sampling in 1977. In 1978, Risby Tungsten acquired the majority interest, enlarged the property and conducted more mapping, sampling and trenching.
The property was optioned in 1979 by a joint venture between Hudson Bay Mining & Smelting and Minorco Canada Limited, which performed mag and EM surveys and drilled 16 holes (1,626 m) on the No. 2 Zone in 1979, 15 holes (2,162 m) in 1980 and 9 holes (2,183 m) in 1981 and mapped in 1982. Risby Tungsten changed its name to Imperial Metals Corporation in 1981.
Restaked as Risby cl 1-4 (YB46673) in April/94 and the Johns cl 1-2 (YB54521) in Sept/94 by R. Berdahl. Berdahl added Gold cl 1-2 (YB66240) on the southwest boarder of the Risby in Sept/95. In Mar/01 Sur American Gold Corporation optioned the Risby, Johns and Gold claims from Berdahl. In 2006, Playfair Mining acquired 100% ownershp of the property from R. Berdahl. In 2006, a total of 754.88 m of diamond drilling was completed in six holes. Playfair Mining completed seven diamond drillholes for a total of 1,600 m in 2008.
A 43-101 compliant mineral resource estimate was released for the Risby deposit in 2007 (Wardrop, Sept 2007, for Playfair Mining Ltd). An updated 43-101 compliant resource estimate was prepared by PEG Mining Consultants Inc.(May 29, 2009).
Capsule Geology
The occurrence is located southwest of the Tintina Fault Zone in the Cassiar terrane (Platform). The Cassiar terrane is a curvilinear shelf which formed, between mid-Cambrian to Silurian time, roughly parallel to the western edge of the North American craton, but separated from it by the Selwyn Basin. Shallow water deposition on the platform continued until Late Devonian time. Block faulting and local uplift during the Late Devonian and Mississippian resulted in deposition of carbonaceous shale and chert pebble conglomerate in the Selwyn basin and across the Cassiar terrane.
The occurrence area covers a portion of the Lower Cambrian Rosella assemblage/suite (unit ICR) composed of limestone, argillaceous limestone, fossiliferous limestone and lesser marble, calc-silicate, calcareous phyllite, minor schist and the Ingenika assemblage/suite (unit PCI4) composed of siliciclastics, minor limestone schist, minor amphibolite and marble. The Rosella and Ingenika assemblages/suites are intruded by a middle Cretaceous quartz monzonite pluton of the Cassiar Suite (unit mKqC) (Gordey and Makepeace, 1999).
The skarn showings located on and near the margins of the medium-grained quartz monzonite are developed in limestone found interbedded with quartzite and quartz-biotite schist and limestone (Darney, Mar/69).
Mineralization found to date consists of two gossanous diopside-garnet skarn zones in Lower Cambrian carbonate that strike almost perpendicular to each other. The No. 1 zone is structurally complex and has been traced on surface over an area of 250 m by 75 m in a roof pendant (MIR 1969-70, 1972). It has a high pyrrhotite content with a little chalcopyrite and the pyrrhotite is locally auriferous with rock grab samples yielding up to 2.312 g/t Au (Berdahl, 1995b).
The larger No. 2 zone, which strikes north and dips east parallel to the intrusive contact, is mineralized over a length of 1,200 m and has a low sulphide content. It consists of two separate bands 1.5 to 4.5 m thick separated by 3 - 10 m of interbedded quartz biotite schist and local sills of quartz monzonite intrusive (Darney, 1969). Surface sampling indicated grades between 0.5 and 1.0% WO3. The more persistent lower band extends for a strike length of 660 m and a vertical extent of 350 m. The best intersections were 3.4 m grading 1.3% WO3 in the lower skarn and 3 m grading 1.4% WO3 in the upper. The upper zone also gave an intersection of 0.7% over 14.0 m. In Jul/82 reserves were estimated at 2.7 million tonnes grading 0.81% WO3.
Rock samples collected by Berdahl (1995a,b) from the two zones were elevated and moderately anomalous in bismuth (up to 0.1%), arsenic (up to 13%) and antimony (up to 168 ppm).
Diamond drilling in 2006 intersected 6.49 m @ 1.09% WO3 in the Upper Skarn and 5.37 m @ 0.49% WO3 in the Lower Skarn in hole RT06-05 (cut-off grade of 0.30% WO3).
A 43-101 compliant mineral resource estimate was released for the Risby deposit in 2007 (Wardrop, Sept 2007). The study reported an Inferred Resources of 6,385,000 tonnes at 0.462% WO3 (0.20% cut-off grade). A highlight intercept from the 2008 drilling is 4.43 m of 0.991% WO3 in hole RT08-51.
An updated 43-101 compliant resource estimate was prepared by PEG Mining Consultants Inc.(May 29, 2009) which combined 2008 drill results with the 2007 resource estimate. The Inferred Resource as of May 14, 2009 is 8.537 million tonnes @ 0.475% WO3 (cut-off grade of 0.2% WO3).
Staked in Jun/68 by P. Risby as Cab cl 1-32 (Y25386), which were optioned by Atlas Explorations Limited and Mitsui Mining & Smelting Company Ltd and transferred to Atsui Mining Corporation Ltd. After Atsui mapped and sampled in 1968-70, in a joint venture with Dynasty Exploration Ltd, the property was transferred to a new company, Risby Tungsten Mining Ltd, and was optioned in Apr/70 by Caltor Syndicate (Rayrock Mining Limited, Ashland Canada Oil Ltd and Canadian Industrial Gas & Oil Company Ltd). Caltor drilled 8 holes (1,086 m) on the No. 2 zone during 1971 to earn a 55% interest in Risby Tungsten. Atlas changed its name to Cima Resources Limited in 1974 and Dynasty changed to Cyprus Anvil Mining Corporation in 1975. Cima performed linecutting in 1976 and trenching and sampling in 1977. In 1978, Risby Tungsten acquired the majority interest, enlarged the property and conducted more mapping, sampling and trenching.
The property was optioned in 1979 by a joint venture between Hudson Bay Mining & Smelting and Minorco Canada Limited, which performed mag and EM surveys and drilled 16 holes (1,626 m) on the No. 2 Zone in 1979, 15 holes (2,162 m) in 1980 and 9 holes (2,183 m) in 1981 and mapped in 1982. Risby Tungsten changed its name to Imperial Metals Corporation in 1981.
Restaked as Risby cl 1-4 (YB46673) in April/94 and the Johns cl 1-2 (YB54521) in Sept/94 by R. Berdahl. Berdahl added Gold cl 1-2 (YB66240) on the southwest boarder of the Risby in Sept/95. In Mar/01 Sur American Gold Corporation optioned the Risby, Johns and Gold claims from Berdahl. In 2006, Playfair Mining acquired 100% ownershp of the property from R. Berdahl. In 2006, a total of 754.88 m of diamond drilling was completed in six holes. Playfair Mining completed seven diamond drillholes for a total of 1,600 m in 2008.
A 43-101 compliant mineral resource estimate was released for the Risby deposit in 2007 (Wardrop, Sept 2007, for Playfair Mining Ltd). An updated 43-101 compliant resource estimate was prepared by PEG Mining Consultants Inc.(May 29, 2009).
Capsule Geology
The occurrence is located southwest of the Tintina Fault Zone in the Cassiar terrane (Platform). The Cassiar terrane is a curvilinear shelf which formed, between mid-Cambrian to Silurian time, roughly parallel to the western edge of the North American craton, but separated from it by the Selwyn Basin. Shallow water deposition on the platform continued until Late Devonian time. Block faulting and local uplift during the Late Devonian and Mississippian resulted in deposition of carbonaceous shale and chert pebble conglomerate in the Selwyn basin and across the Cassiar terrane.
The occurrence area covers a portion of the Lower Cambrian Rosella assemblage/suite (unit ICR) composed of limestone, argillaceous limestone, fossiliferous limestone and lesser marble, calc-silicate, calcareous phyllite, minor schist and the Ingenika assemblage/suite (unit PCI4) composed of siliciclastics, minor limestone schist, minor amphibolite and marble. The Rosella and Ingenika assemblages/suites are intruded by a middle Cretaceous quartz monzonite pluton of the Cassiar Suite (unit mKqC) (Gordey and Makepeace, 1999).
The skarn showings located on and near the margins of the medium-grained quartz monzonite are developed in limestone found interbedded with quartzite and quartz-biotite schist and limestone (Darney, Mar/69).
Mineralization found to date consists of two gossanous diopside-garnet skarn zones in Lower Cambrian carbonate that strike almost perpendicular to each other. The No. 1 zone is structurally complex and has been traced on surface over an area of 250 m by 75 m in a roof pendant (MIR 1969-70, 1972). It has a high pyrrhotite content with a little chalcopyrite and the pyrrhotite is locally auriferous with rock grab samples yielding up to 2.312 g/t Au (Berdahl, 1995b).
The larger No. 2 zone, which strikes north and dips east parallel to the intrusive contact, is mineralized over a length of 1,200 m and has a low sulphide content. It consists of two separate bands 1.5 to 4.5 m thick separated by 3 - 10 m of interbedded quartz biotite schist and local sills of quartz monzonite intrusive (Darney, 1969). Surface sampling indicated grades between 0.5 and 1.0% WO3. The more persistent lower band extends for a strike length of 660 m and a vertical extent of 350 m. The best intersections were 3.4 m grading 1.3% WO3 in the lower skarn and 3 m grading 1.4% WO3 in the upper. The upper zone also gave an intersection of 0.7% over 14.0 m. In Jul/82 reserves were estimated at 2.7 million tonnes grading 0.81% WO3.
Rock samples collected by Berdahl (1995a,b) from the two zones were elevated and moderately anomalous in bismuth (up to 0.1%), arsenic (up to 13%) and antimony (up to 168 ppm).
Diamond drilling in 2006 intersected 6.49 m @ 1.09% WO3 in the Upper Skarn and 5.37 m @ 0.49% WO3 in the Lower Skarn in hole RT06-05 (cut-off grade of 0.30% WO3).
A 43-101 compliant mineral resource estimate was released for the Risby deposit in 2007 (Wardrop, Sept 2007). The study reported an Inferred Resources of 6,385,000 tonnes at 0.462% WO3 (0.20% cut-off grade). A highlight intercept from the 2008 drilling is 4.43 m of 0.991% WO3 in hole RT08-51.
An updated 43-101 compliant resource estimate was prepared by PEG Mining Consultants Inc.(May 29, 2009) which combined 2008 drill results with the 2007 resource estimate. The Inferred Resource as of May 14, 2009 is 8.537 million tonnes @ 0.475% WO3 (cut-off grade of 0.2% WO3).
Work History
Date | Work Type | Comment |
---|---|---|
9/25/2007 | Studies | Wardrop, Sept 2007. |
5/29/2009 | Studies | PEG Mining Consultants Inc, May 2009. |
12/31/2008 | Drilling | Seven holes, 1,600 m. |
12/31/2006 | Drilling | Six holes, 754.88 m. |
12/31/1995 | Geochemistry | |
12/31/1995 | Geochemistry | |
12/31/1995 | Other | |
12/31/1994 | Geochemistry | |
12/31/1994 | Other | |
12/31/1982 | Geology | |
12/31/1981 | Drilling | Nine holes, 2183 m, drilled on No. 2 zone. |
12/31/1980 | Drilling | Fifteen holes, 2162 m, drilled on No. 2 zone. |
12/31/1979 | Drilling | Sixteen holes, 1,626 m. |
12/31/1979 | Ground Geophysics | Also magnetic survey. |
12/31/1978 | Geology | |
12/31/1978 | Geochemistry | Also soil and rock sampling. |
12/31/1978 | Ground Geophysics | |
12/31/1978 | Trenching | |
12/31/1977 | Geochemistry | |
12/31/1977 | Trenching | |
12/31/1971 | Drilling | Eight holes, 1,086 m, drilled on No. 2 zone. |
12/31/1968 | Geology | |
12/31/1968 | Geochemistry | |
12/31/1968 | Geochemistry |
Assessment Reports that overlap occurrence
Report Number | Year | Title | Worktypes | Holes Drilled | Meters Drilled |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
094598 | 2006 | Summary Diamond Drill Hole Report on the Risby Tungsten Project | Diamond - Drilling | 6 | 754.88 |
093449 | 1995 | General Prospecting Report on the Risby Gold Project | Rock - Geochemistry, Prospecting - Other | ||
093358 | 1994 | General Prospecting Report on the Risby Gold Project | Rock - Geochemistry, Prospecting - Other | ||
091133 | 1979 | Assessment Report Diamond Drilling Program | Diamond - Drilling | 16 | 1625.80 |
060016 | 1969 | Geochemical Report Cab Claim Group | Silt - Geochemistry, Soil - Geochemistry | ||
060017 | 1969 | Geological Report Cab Claim Group | Detailed Bedrock Mapping - Geology | ||
018891 | 1968 | Geological and Geochemical Report Cab Mineral Claim Group | Rock - Geochemistry, Soil - Geochemistry, Bedrock Mapping - Geology |
Related References
Number | Title | Page(s) | Reference Type | Document Type |
---|---|---|---|---|
ARMC014464 | Photos of R.T. area - Cab mineral claims | Property File Collection | Photos | |
ARMC014455 | Plan of proposed drilling - Cab mineral claims - R.T. agreement area, Yuko - Figure 6 | Property File Collection | Geoscience Map (General) | |
ARMC014451 | Plane table survey - Cab area - July 1969 - Fig. 1 | Property File Collection | Geoscience Map (Geological - Bedrock) | |
ARMC014479 | Report on 1971 diamond drill program - Cab claim group - Risby Tunsten Mines Ltd. - With maps | Property File Collection | Report | |
ARMC014486 | Report on Cab group of mineral claims of Risby Tungsten Mines Ltd. in the Whitehorse mining district, Yukon Territory with map collection | Property File Collection | Geoscience Map (General) | |
ARMC014234 | NTS sheet 105F - Quiet Lake - Showing location map of the Dog claims - Cab area | Property File Collection | Geoscience Map (General) | |
ARMC014489 | Overlays of camp 1 with geological markings - Dog camp - R.T. prospecting area | Property File Collection | Geoscience Map (Geological - Bedrock) | |
ARMC014463 | Progress report, August 1968 - R.T. area and Cab mineral claims | Property File Collection | Report | |
ARMC014444 | Property examination report and general report - Cab mineral claims | Property File Collection | Report | |
ARMC014503 | Tungsten in Yukon - A paper presented at the Third Northern Resource Conference | Property File Collection | Report | |
ARMC014476 | Proposed exploration program - Cab mineral claims - R.T. agreement area | Property File Collection | Report | |
ARMC014386 | Prospecting map of Big Salmon River area - R.T. OEX - Cab claims | Property File Collection | Geoscience Map (General) | |
ARMC014477 | Mapping, geological and geochemical report with map collection - Cab claim group | Property File Collection | Report | |
ARMC014466 | Memo re: R.T. area progress | Property File Collection | Miscellaneous Company Documents | |
ARMC014480 | Memo re: Risby Tungsten | Property File Collection | Miscellaneous Company Documents | |
ARMC014465 | Memo re: Twin Creeks tungsten (Risby) - Sheldon OEX properties exam | Property File Collection | Miscellaneous Company Documents | |
ARMC014471 | Memo to R.J. (Bob) Darney re: CAB area | Property File Collection | Miscellaneous Company Documents | |
ARMC014472 | Memo to R.J. (Bob) Darney re: Moly test - Risby | Property File Collection | Miscellaneous Company Documents | |
ARMC014475 | Memos to R.J. (Bob) Darney re: Cab group | Property File Collection | Miscellaneous Company Documents | |
ARMC014497 | Map of camp 6 with geological markings - R.T. Prospecting area | Property File Collection | Geoscience Map (Geological - Bedrock) | |
ARMC014481 | News clippings - "How Swedish metallurgists developed selective scheelite flotation process" and "New Swedish scheelite flotation process results" | Property File Collection | News Release | |
ARMC014493 | Notes - R.T. OEX - Lishy prospecting camp No. 3 | Property File Collection | Miscellaneous Company Documents | |
ARMC014467 | Notes and chip sample log on the main showing and west showing - R.T. area | Property File Collection | Miscellaneous Company Documents | |
ARMC014473 | Notes on float east of Cab group | Property File Collection | Miscellaneous Company Documents | |
ARMC014502 | Map sheet 105F/14 with field notations - R.T. agreement area | Property File Collection | Geoscience Map (Geological - Bedrock) | |
ARMC014478 | Map portions showing field notes from the Cab group | Property File Collection | Geoscience Map (General) | |
ARMC014500 | Soil & silt sample locations & results - Cab mineral claims | Property File Collection | Geochemical Map | |
ARMC014483 | Risby Tungsten - Geological section B-B' - Fig.2 | Property File Collection | Geoscience Map (General) | |
ARMC014482 | Risby Tungsten - Geological section G-G' - Fig.3 | Property File Collection | Geoscience Map (General) | |
ARMC014484 | Risby Tungsten - Reserve block - Fig. 4 | Property File Collection | Geoscience Map (General) | |
ARMC014485 | Risby Tungsten - Stratigraphic columns - Fig. 1 | Property File Collection | Geoscience Map (General) | |
ARMC014461 | Risby tungsten - Summary description - Cab group | Property File Collection | Report | |
ARMC014442 | Sample and assay plan - Cab mnerals - Ross River area | Property File Collection | Geoscience Map (Geological - Bedrock) | |
ARMC014492 | Map of camp 3 with geological markings - R.T. prospecting area | Property File Collection | Geoscience Map (Geological - Bedrock) | |
ARMC014495 | Map of camp 4 with geological markings - R.T. prospecting area | Property File Collection | Geoscience Map (Geological - Bedrock) | |
ARMC014498 | Map of camp 5 with geological markings - R.T. Prospecting area | Property File Collection | Geoscience Map (Geological - Bedrock) | |
ARMC014490 | Set of 4 maps of camp 2 with geological markings - R.T. prospecting area | Property File Collection | Geoscience Map (Geological - Bedrock) | |
ARMC014488 | R.T. Oex prospecting notes and sketch maps on prospecting locations - Figure 2 | Property File Collection | Geoscience Map (General) | |
ARMC014438 | G.S.C. annual report - Cab 1 to 106 claims | Property File Collection | Report | |
ARMC014439 | Compilation map - Cab group | Property File Collection | Geoscience Map (General) | |
ARMC014447 | Geology - Cab mineral claims | Property File Collection | Geoscience Map (Geological - Bedrock) | |
ARMC014454 | Geology - Cab tungsten property - Drawing 1 | Property File Collection | Geoscience Map (Geological - Bedrock) | |
ARMC014499 | Analytical work sheet - Geochemical - Lishy prospecting results - R.T. fly camp No. 2 | Property File Collection | Miscellaneous Company Documents | |
ARMC014491 | Analytical work sheets - Geochemical - Report #69-18-RT - Risby Tungsten | Property File Collection | Miscellaneous Company Documents | |
ARMC014494 | Analytical work sheets - Geochemical - Report #69-23-RT - Risby Tungsten | Property File Collection | Miscellaneous Company Documents | |
ARMC014496 | Analytical work sheets - Geochemical - Report #69-37-RT - Risby Tungsten | Property File Collection | Miscellaneous Company Documents | |
ARMC014462 | Annual summary - Canada Tunsten Mining Corporation Limited | Property File Collection | Report | |
ARMC014501 | Geology and geochemistry of northern part of R.T. agreement area | Property File Collection | Report | |
ARMC018602 | Field notes - Cab group | Property File Collection | Miscellaneous Company Documents | |
ARMC020494 | Field notebook - Cab | Property File Collection | Miscellaneous Company Documents | |
ARMC014468 | Assay certificate No. 4996-2 - Samples 5827, 5828 for Atlas Explorations | Property File Collection | Assays | |
ARMC014469 | Correspondence to John S. Brock re: CAB tungsten property | Property File Collection | Miscellaneous Company Documents | |
ARMC014470 | Correspondence to Peter Risby re: Twin Creek | Property File Collection | Miscellaneous Company Documents | |
ARMC014441 | Assay plan - East zone - Cab tungsten property - Drawing no. 2 | Property File Collection | Geoscience Map (Geological - Bedrock) | |
ARMC014440 | Assay plan - East zone - Cab tungsten property - Drawing no. 3 | Property File Collection | Geoscience Map (Geological - Bedrock) | |
ARMC014448 | Assay results (east zone) - Cab mineral claim group - R.T. area | Property File Collection | Geoscience Map (Geological - Bedrock) | |
ARMC014445 | Assay results (west zone) - Cab mineral claim group - R.T. area - Figure 3 | Property File Collection | Geoscience Map (Geological - Bedrock) | |
ARMC014452 | Field notes - Cab geology X sections | Property File Collection | Miscellaneous Company Documents | |
ARMC014453 | Cab geology | Property File Collection | Geoscience Map (Geological - Bedrock) | |
ARMC014456 | Cab group showing geology locations - Ross River, Yukon Territory | Property File Collection | Geoscience Map (Geological - Bedrock) | |
ARMC014474 | Cab mineral claims - Preliminary evaluation | Property File Collection | Report | |
ARMC014457 | Cab mineral claims with geological overlay | Property File Collection | Geoscience Map (Geological - Bedrock) | |
ARMC014460 | Cab plane table surv. | Property File Collection | Geoscience Map (General) | |
ARMC014458 | Cab plane table surv. - Sheet 1 | Property File Collection | Geoscience Map (General) | |
ARMC014459 | Cab plane table surv. - Sheet 2 | Property File Collection | Geoscience Map (General) | |
ARMC014443 | Certificate of assay - Cab minerals - File #3059 | Property File Collection | Miscellaneous Company Documents | |
ARMC014449 | Certificate of assay - Cab minerals (east zone) - File #460-A-8927 | Property File Collection | Miscellaneous Company Documents | |
ARMC014450 | Certificate of assay - Cab minerals (east zone)- File No. 6937 | Property File Collection | Miscellaneous Company Documents | |
ARMC014487 | Certificate of assay - R.T. area - File No. 460-A-9236 | Property File Collection | Assays |
Resource/Reserve
Year | Zone | Type | Commodity | Grade | Tonnage | Amount | Reported Amount | 43-101 Compliant | Cut-off |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
2009 | No. 2 Zone (OPEN PIT) | Inferred | tungsten trioxide | .475 % | 8,537,000 | No | Yes | Unknown | |
May 14, 2009 News Release.; PEG Mining Consultants Inc., 2009. | |||||||||
2007 | RISBY - UPPER SKARN ZONE (UNDERGROUND) | Inferred | tungsten trioxide | .431 % | 1,423,893 | No | Yes | 0.20% WO3 | |
Inferred resources for Upper Skarn. Wardrop, 2007. | |||||||||
2007 | RISBY - LOWER SKARN ZONE (UNDERGROUND) | Inferred | tungsten trioxide | .471 % | 4,960,993 | No | Yes | 0.20% WO3 | |
Inferred reources for Lower Skarn. Wardrop, 2007. | |||||||||
2007 | RISBY- TOTAL RESERVES (UNDERGROUND) | Inferred | tungsten trioxide | .462 % | 6,384,893 | No | Yes | 0.20% WO3 | |
Inferred for Upper and Lower Skarn. Wardrop, 2007. | |||||||||
1982 | RISBY- TOTAL RESERVES (UNDERGROUND) | Historical Estimate | tungsten | .81 % | 2,700,000 | No | No | Unknown | |
Drill indicated reserves. Do not meet National Instrument 43-101 standards.; Northern Miner, July 8 1982, p. 30. Also Canadian Mines Handbook 1983-84, p. 165. This reserve figure is widely quoted in various geological citations. |